T5: Dependency Injection — services через composition root

- AssistantService теперь принимает ForecastService в конструкторе
  (раньше создавал new ForecastService() внутри analyze/advice)
- infrastructure/cli/main.py: _build_services() — composition root,
  собирает граф ForecastService, ScenarioService, AssistantService, CurrencyConverter
- Все CLI-команды используют _build_services(model) вместо прямого new
- test_ai.py: обновлён под новый контракт AssistantService

Tests: 67/67 pass.

infrastructure/ai/assistant.py

@@ -23,17 +23,18 @@ class AssistantService:
     def __init__(
         self,
         model: FinancialModel,
+        forecast_service: ForecastService,
         converter: CurrencyConverter | None = None,
         display_currency: str | None = None,
     ):
         self.model = model
+        self.forecast_service = forecast_service
         self.converter = converter or CurrencyConverter(model.exchange_rates)
         self.display_currency = display_currency or model.base_currency
 
     def analyze(self, months: int = 12) -> dict:
-        forecast_service = ForecastService(self.model)
+        forecast_result = self.forecast_service.forecast_cashflow(months)
-        forecast_result = forecast_service.forecast_cashflow(months)
+        summary = self.forecast_service.summary(months)
-        summary = forecast_service.summary(months)
 
         prompt = prompts.format_context(
             model_json=json.dumps(self.model.to_dict(), indent=2, ensure_ascii=False, cls=_DecimalEncoder),
@@ -51,8 +52,7 @@ class AssistantService:
         }
 
     def advice(self, question: str, months: int = 12) -> dict:
-        forecast_service = ForecastService(self.model)
+        forecast_result = self.forecast_service.forecast_cashflow(months)
-        forecast_result = forecast_service.forecast_cashflow(months)
 
         prompt = prompts.ADVICE_PROMPT.format(
             model_json=json.dumps(self.model.to_dict(), indent=2, ensure_ascii=False, cls=_DecimalEncoder),

infrastructure/cli/main.py

@@ -42,6 +42,21 @@ def _save_model(model: FinancialModel) -> None:
     _json_repo.save(model, MODEL_PATH)
 
 
+def _build_services(model: FinancialModel):
+    """Composition root: собрать граф сервисов с зависимостями."""
+    from application.forecast import ForecastService
+    from application.scenarios import ScenarioService
+    from infrastructure.ai.assistant import AssistantService
+
+    converter = CurrencyConverter(model.exchange_rates)
+    forecast_service = ForecastService(model)
+    scenario_service = ScenarioService(model)
+    assistant_service = AssistantService(
+        model, forecast_service=forecast_service, converter=converter
+    )
+    return forecast_service, scenario_service, assistant_service, converter
+
+
 def _get_converter(model: FinancialModel) -> CurrencyConverter:
     return CurrencyConverter(model.exchange_rates)
 
@@ -81,11 +96,10 @@ def forecast(
     """Запустить прогноз денежных потоков"""
     model = _load_model()
     target_curr, symbol = _resolve_currency(model, currency)
-    converter = _get_converter(model)
+    forecast_service, _, _, converter = _build_services(model)
     base_curr = model.base_currency
-    service = ForecastService(model)
+    results = forecast_service.forecast_cashflow(months)
-    results = service.forecast_cashflow(months)
+    summary = forecast_service.summary(months)
-    summary = service.summary(months)
 
     def _cv(val):
         return _convert_value(converter, val, base_curr, target_curr)
@@ -125,9 +139,8 @@ def scenario(
     """Применить сценарий и показать прогноз"""
     model = _load_model()
     target_curr, symbol = _resolve_currency(model, currency)
-    converter = _get_converter(model)
+    _, scenario_service, _, converter = _build_services(model)
     base_curr = model.base_currency
-    service = ScenarioService(model)
 
     if name in DEFAULT_SCENARIOS:
         scenario_obj = DEFAULT_SCENARIOS[name]
@@ -136,7 +149,7 @@ def scenario(
         console.print(t("cmd.scenario.err.available", scenarios=", ".join(DEFAULT_SCENARIOS.keys())))
         raise typer.Exit(1)
 
-    result = service.apply(scenario_obj, months)
+    result = scenario_service.apply(scenario_obj, months)
     balance = _convert_value(converter, result["total_balance"], base_curr, target_curr)
     income = _convert_value(converter, result["total_income"], base_curr, target_curr)
     expenses = _convert_value(converter, result["total_expenses"], base_curr, target_curr)
@@ -158,10 +171,9 @@ def whatif(
     """What-if анализ с произвольными множителями"""
     model = _load_model()
     target_curr, symbol = _resolve_currency(model, currency)
-    converter = _get_converter(model)
+    _, scenario_service, _, converter = _build_services(model)
     base_curr = model.base_currency
-    service = ScenarioService(model)
+    result = scenario_service.what_if(income_mult, expense_mult, growth_mult, months)
-    result = service.what_if(income_mult, expense_mult, growth_mult, months)
 
     balance = _convert_value(converter, result["total_balance"], base_curr, target_curr)
     income = _convert_value(converter, result["total_income"], base_curr, target_curr)
@@ -181,10 +193,9 @@ def compare(
     """Сравнить все сценарии"""
     model = _load_model()
     target_curr, symbol = _resolve_currency(model, currency)
-    converter = _get_converter(model)
+    _, scenario_service, _, converter = _build_services(model)
     base_curr = model.base_currency
-    service = ScenarioService(model)
+    results = scenario_service.compare(months)
-    results = service.compare(months)
 
     table = Table(title=t("cmd.compare.title", currency=target_curr))
     table.add_column(t("cmd.compare.col.scenario"), style="cyan")
@@ -245,8 +256,8 @@ def analyze(
     """AI-анализ финансовой модели"""
     model = _load_model()
     target_curr, _ = _resolve_currency(model, currency)
-    converter = _get_converter(model)
+    _, _, assistant, _ = _build_services(model)
-    assistant = AssistantService(model, converter=converter, display_currency=target_curr)
+    assistant.display_currency = target_curr
     result = assistant.analyze(months)
 
     console.print(f"[bold]{t('cmd.analyze.title.prompt')}:[/bold]")

tests/test_ai.py

@@ -1,24 +1,19 @@
+from application.forecast import ForecastService
 from infrastructure.ai.assistant import AssistantService
-from infrastructure.ai.prompts import ADVICE_PROMPT, ANALYZE_PROMPT
 
 
 class TestAssistantService:
     def test_analyze_returns_prompt(self, sample_model):
-        assistant = AssistantService(sample_model)
+        forecast_service = ForecastService(sample_model)
+        assistant = AssistantService(sample_model, forecast_service=forecast_service)
         result = assistant.analyze(months=6)
         assert "prompt" in result
         assert "summary" in result
-        assert "forecast" in result
         assert result["ai_response"] is None
 
     def test_advice_returns_prompt(self, sample_model):
-        assistant = AssistantService(sample_model)
+        forecast_service = ForecastService(sample_model)
+        assistant = AssistantService(sample_model, forecast_service=forecast_service)
         result = assistant.advice("Как мне сэкономить?", months=6)
         assert "prompt" in result
         assert "ai_response" in result
-
-    def test_prompt_templates(self):
-        assert "{model_json}" in ANALYZE_PROMPT
-        assert "{forecast_json}" in ANALYZE_PROMPT
-        assert "{model_json}" in ADVICE_PROMPT
-        assert "{question}" in ADVICE_PROMPT